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Dunhuang art -- Kshitigarbha as Lord of the Six Ways, ink and colours on silk

 an247_l.jpg86FSilk Road Adventure & Private Tours - Silk Road China Tours

From Cave 17, Mogao, near Dunhuang, Gansu province, China86FSilk Road Adventure & Private Tours - Silk Road China Tours

Northern Song Dynasty, dated 4th year of Jianlong (AD 963)86FSilk Road Adventure & Private Tours - Silk Road China Tours

Made for 'the disciple of pure faith Kang Qingnu'86FSilk Road Adventure & Private Tours - Silk Road China Tours

The bodhisattva Kshitigarbha is shown wearing a hood and seated on a lotus behind an altar accompanied by two worshipping bodhisattvas. On the three lines on each side of his halo are depicted 'The Six Ways of Life': gods, animals and hell (top left) and humans, ashuras (mythical four-armed figures) and hungry ghosts (right).86FSilk Road Adventure & Private Tours - Silk Road China Tours

In the lower section of the painting are donor figures, wearing fashionable clothes, the women with typical tenth-century hair styles decorated with hairpins and flowers. According to the inscription, the donor wished to avoid all bad forms of rebirth: 'The maker of this painting was the disciple of pure faith, Kang Qingnu. His body lodges in the House of Fire and he fears to fall in the Five Evil Ways. Fortune and disaster are inconstant; his heart longs to be among the emancipated...'. Kshitigarbha is depicted and invoked here as he had vowed to rescue souls even from the regions of hell, and this offers hope to the donor and his family.86FSilk Road Adventure & Private Tours - Silk Road China Tours

R. Whitfield, Art of Central Asia: The Ste-1, vol. 2 (Tokyo, Kodansha International Ltd., 1982-85)86FSilk Road Adventure & Private Tours - Silk Road China Tours

R. Whitfield and A. Farrer, Caves of the thousand Buddhas: (London, The British Museum Press, 1990)86FSilk Road Adventure & Private Tours - Silk Road China Tours

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